Obstetrics and Gynecology Specialist Op. Dr. Meral Sönmezer gave important information about the subject. Pregnancy is the first moment when the feelings of motherhood begin for a woman. Mostly, as soon as the woman finds out that she is pregnant, her maternal instincts start and she tries to act with the instinct of protecting her baby from everything. Knowing that there is a living thing in his body that he feeds with his own existence brings a great sense of responsibility as well as great happiness. The first 3-week period, especially the first 20 months, is very important for the expectant mother who learns that she is pregnant.
It is very important during this period that the body of the expectant mother is ready for pregnancy. Especially in planned pregnancies, the expectant mother should have blood and urine tests called preconceptional tests three months before becoming pregnant, and undergo a detailed gynecological examination and have smear and HPV tests if necessary. Again in this period, it is necessary to treat the diseases that will be detected according to the results of the examination, to replace the missing vitamins and to start folic acid supplementation. Thus, it is possible to prepare for pregnancy in the most optimal way.
What is low?
Pregnancy loss occurring in the first 20 weeks of pregnancy is called miscarriage. Pregnancy losses in the first 3 months are called early miscarriage, and after 3 months, abortions up to the 20th week are called delayed. Symptoms with a risk of resulting in miscarriage that occur before a miscarriage has not occurred are also called "threat of miscarriage".
What are the causes of miscarriage?
Structural defects in the baby in the womb are among the causes of miscarriage. The health status of the expectant mother (thyroid problems, chronic diseases, systemic infections, etc.) is one of the factors that determine the course of pregnancy. For this reason, expectant mothers with risk factors should definitely be examined in the relevant branches when they plan to become pregnant. If there is a condition that needs to be treated, it should be treated, if there are missing vitamins and minerals in the body, they should be determined and replaced. Previous miscarriage of the expectant mother is also one of the causes of miscarriage in the next pregnancy. Age, obesity, smoking, alcohol and substance use can also be counted as causes of miscarriage. If there is an immunological disorder, if the body creates antibodies against anything coming from the outside, this is one of the causes of miscarriage. In cervical insufficiency, if the cervix is too weak to hold the gestational sac, miscarriage may occur. Genetic disorders are among the most common causes of miscarriage. The reason for 70% of miscarriages occurring before the twentieth week is the presence of a chromosomal anomaly in the baby. From the beginning of pregnancy, the uterus tries to recognize and recognize the baby as a foreign cell, while protecting it. As long as there is no risky pregnancy, daily movements do not harm the pregnancy under normal conditions. However, serious traumas and physical violence situations can cause pregnancy to result in miscarriage. The presence of structures such as fibroids and polyps in the uterus can cause miscarriage by compressing the intrauterine tissue or disrupting the endometrial bed where the baby will settle. Infections such as rubella, cytomegalovirus, listeria also cause miscarriage. Intrauterine adhesions due to previous intrauterine infections or severe surgical procedures can also cause miscarriage. Pregnancy may result in miscarriage due to coagulation problems in the expectant mother. Nutrition during pregnancy is very important. Some herbal teas consumed during pregnancy can cause miscarriage during pregnancy.
What are the symptoms of miscarriage?
One of the most important symptoms of miscarriage during pregnancy is vaginal bleeding. If you have spotting or active bleeding during pregnancy, you should definitely inform your doctor about following your pregnancy. The exception to this situation is bleeding in the form of spots that occur on the days when the pregnancy test is newly positive and mostly on the days that coincide with the next expected menstrual period. These are not always signs of miscarriage. These bleedings, which are called implantation bleeding, can go away on their own without any intervention. Mild waist and back pains similar to menstrual period can be seen during pregnancy. If these pains are very severe and reach a size that prevents your movement, you should definitely inform your doctor.
Severe and persistent abdominal and groin pain are also symptoms of miscarriage. You should definitely inform your doctor. In case of bleeding or clotted tissue, the threat of miscarriage is mentioned and it is necessary to consult a doctor.
How is miscarriage treated?
If the low action has started, unfortunately there is no way to stop it. If the cause of the threat of miscarriage is clear (for example, hormonal failure, cervical insufficiency), treatment and measures for it may be beneficial in preventing abortion. Again, bed rest and adequate hydration may also be beneficial, especially in cases that occur due to difficulty in adhering to the uterus. If miscarriage has started despite everything, abortion can be intervened in order to prevent risks, reduce bleeding and ensure that the patient is least affected by this process psychologically.
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