Today in History: Mao Era Officially Lost in History in China

August 11 is the 223th (224th in leap years) day of the year according to the Gregorian calendar. The number of days left until the end of the year is 142.

Railways

• 11 August 1930 opened the Zile Beaver railway line (61 km). Nuri Demirağ was the contractor.
• 11 August 1934 Yolcati Elazig (24 km) line was opened. Sweden - Denmark Grb. made.

Events

• 1473 – The Ottoman army commanded by Fatih Sultan Mehmet defeated the army of Akkoyunlu State under the command of Uzun Hasan at the Battle of Otlukbeli.
• 1480 – The Ottoman Navy under the command of Gedik Ahmet Pasha captured the Italian port of Otranto.
• 1914 – German battleships that took refuge in the Ottoman Empire by passing through the Dardanelles while escaping from the Royal Navy of the United Kingdom in World War I, Goeben ve Breslau'announced that it was purchased.
• 1923 – İsmet İnönü presented the pen with which he signed the Treaty of Lausanne to Istanbul University.
• 1929 – Turkish Domestic Goods Exhibition opened at Galatasaray High School in Istanbul.
• 1934 - Alcatraz Birdman The Alkatraz island prison in San Francisco, which is the subject of the movie, was put into service.
• 1951 – Community Centers were closed and their properties were transferred to the Treasury.
• 1952 – The Jordanian Parliament elected his son, Crown Prince Hussein, as King, replacing King Talal, whose schizophrenia was deemed undesirable to remain on the throne.
• 1960 - Chad declared its independence from France.
• 1963 – It was announced that finds made in 8000 BC were found in Çatalhöyük.
• 1965 – In the traffic accident that occurred in Hendek Tatarköy (Nüzhetiye), 25 passengers were burned to death by acid as a result of the collision of the passenger bus with the acid-laden tanker.
• 1972 – In the Netherlands, Turks and Dutch clashed, Turks' houses were stoned. Nearly 100 people were injured in the incidents.
• 1973 - Hip Hop was invented by DJ Kool Herc at 1520 Sedgwick Avenue in the Bronx borough of New York City.
• 1976 – Two Palestinian guerrillas opened fire on those boarding an Israeli plane at Yeşilköy Airport: 4 people were killed and 20 injured.
• 1980 – The Mao era in China is officially over. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China banned all pictures, statements and posters about Mao.
• 1980 – In Kilis, a person named Fayık Güngörmez killed the woman who did not marry her brother but married another person. He was executed on September 12.
• 1995 – 4 Turkish citizens were executed by beheading with swords in Saudi Arabia. On 14 August, 2 more Turkish citizens were executed with the same method. On 17 August, Prime Minister Tansu Çiller called on Prof. to stop the executions. Dr. Nevzat Yalçıntaş as a special envoy to Saudi Arabia. On 20 August, the Saudi Government announced that it was halting the executions.
• 1999 – The last total solar eclipse of the century was watched from various cities in Turkey.
• 2002 – Süreyya Ayhan won the gold medal in the women's 18 meters at the 1500th European Athletics Championships in Munich, Germany.
• 2004 – In the town of Tavşancıl, Kocaeli, at 16:51, Başkent and Adapazarı Expresses collided head-on and crashed. Eight people, including two mothers and daughters, died in the accident and 8 people were injured.
• 2020 – The first vaccine against the coronavirus epidemic was registered by the Russian Ministry of Health.

Births

• 1833 – Robert G. Ingersoll, American orator, activist, and political leader, nicknamed "The Great Agnostic" (d. 1899)
• 1833 – Kido Takayoshi, Japanese samurai and politician (b. 1877)
• 1837 – Sadi Carnot, French politician, fifth president of the Third Republic of France (b. 1894)
• 1858 – Christiaan Eijkman, Dutch physician and Nobel Prize laureate in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1930)
• 1892 – Eiji Yoshikawa, Japanese historical novelist (d. 1962)
• 1897 – Enid Blyton, English writer (d. 1968)
• 1902 – Alfredo Binda, Italian former professional road cyclist (d. 1986)
• 1905 – Erwin Chargaff, German biochemist (d. 2002)
• 1912 – Eva Ahnert-Rohlfs, German astronomer (d. 1954)
• 1913 – Étienne Burin des Roziers, French diplomat (d. 2012)
• 1921 – Alex Haley, American novelist (d. 1992)
• 1925 - Arlene Dahl, American actress
• 1926 – Aaron Klug, Lithuanian-born British chemist, biophysicist and Nobel Prize laureate in Chemistry (d. 2018)
• 1932 – Fernando Arrabal, Spanish playwright, screenwriter, film director, novelist and poet
• 1932 – Peter Eisenman, American architect and architectural theorist
• 1933 – Jerzy Grotowski, theater theorist, director, critic, actor, and educator (d. 1999)
• 1935 – Erdoğan Karabelen, Turkish national basketball player and athlete (d. 2018)
• 1939 – James Mancham, Seychelles journalist, lawyer, author, businessman, and politician (d. 2017)
• 1943 – Pervez Musharraf, Pakistani soldier, politician, and President
• 1944 – Ian McDiarmid, Scottish stage and film actor
• 1946 – Marilyn vos Savant, American magazine columnist, author, lecturer, and playwright
• 1947 – Theo de Jong, Dutch former football player and manager
• 1949 – Ian Charleson, Scottish actor and stage actor (d. 1990)
• 1950 – Steve Wozniak, US-born computer engineer
• 1951 – Roza Domascyna, German poet and translator
• 1953 - Hulk Hogan, American wrestler
• 1955 – Nur Yerlitaş, Turkish fashion designer
• 1957 – Masayoshi Son, Japanese businessman
• 1958 – Pascale Trinquet, French fencer
• 1959 – Gustavo Cerati, singer, songwriter, composer, and rock producer (d. 2014)
• 1962 – Bahar Öztan, Turkish film actress
• 1965 – Embeth Davidtz, American actress
• 1965 – Viola Davis, American actress
• 1966 – Nigel Martyn, English former national goalkeeper
• 1966 – Donny McCaslin, American jazz saxophonist
• 1966 – Juan María Solare, Argentine composer and pianist
• 1967 – Massimiliano Allegri, Italian manager and former football player
• 1967 – Ahmet Hakan, Turkish journalist and TV personality
• 1967 – Enrique Bunbury, Spanish singer
• 1967 – Joe Rogan, American comedian and actor
• 1968 – Özlem Çerçioğlu, Turkish politician
• 1970 – Gianluca Pessotto, Italian former international football player
• 1971 – Ferhat Atik, Cypriot screenwriter, director, writer and researcher
• 1974 – Audrey Mestre, French world record holder freediver (d. 2002)
• 1976 – Iván Cordoba, Colombian football player
• 1979 – Walter Ayoví, Ecuadorian national football player
• 1980 – Okan Çabalar, Turkish playwright and theater, cinema and TV series actor
• 1983 – Chris Hemsworth, Australian actor
• 1984 – Lucas Di Grassi, Brazilian race car driver
• 1985 – Jacqueline Fernandez, Sri Lankan model and actress
• 1986 – Luiz Rhodolfo, Brazilian football player
• 1988 – Mustafa Pektemek, Turkish football player
• 1988 - Patty Mills, Australian basketball player
• 1988 – Volkan Babacan, Turkish goalkeeper
• 1988 – Daniel Fanger, Swiss football player
• 1991 - Cristian Tello, Spanish football player
• 1994 – Joseph Barbato, French football player
• 1999 – Changbin, South Korean singer
• 2001 – Gökşen Fitik, Turkish basketball player

Deaths

• 480 BC – Leonidas I, King of Sparta (b. ca. 540 BC)
• 353 – Magnentius, Roman rebel (b. 303)
• 1259 – Möngke, Mongolian Monarch (b. 1209)
• 1456 – János Hunyadi (Hunyadi Yanoş), Hungarian military commander (b. 1387)
• 1494 – Hans Memling, Flemish painter (b. 1430)
• 1563 – Bartolomé de Escobedo, Spanish composer (b. 1500)
• 1578 – Pedro Nunes, Portuguese mathematician (b. 1502)
• 1614 – Lavinia Fontana, Italian painter (b. 1552)
• 1813 – Henry James Pye, English poet (b. 1745)
• 1850 – Atiye Sultan, II. Mahmud's daughter (b. 1824)
• 1851 – Lorenz Oken, German natural historian, botanist, biologist, and ornithologist (b. 1779)
• 1890 – John Henry Newman, Cardinal (b. 1801)
• 1919 – Andrew Carnegie, Scottish-born American businessman and industrialist (b. 1835)
• 1921 – Henry Carter Adams, American economist (b. 1851)
• 1937 – Edith Wharton, American author and fashion designer (b. 1862)
• 1956 – Jackson Pollock, American painter (b. 1912)
• 1972 – Max Theiler, South African biologist and Nobel Prize laureate in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1899)
• 1979 – James Gordon Farrell, British author (b. 1935)
• 1988 – Anne Ramsey, American actress (b. 1929)
• 1994 – Peter Cushing, English actor (b. 1913)
• 1996 – Baba Vanga, Bulgarian priestess (b. 1911)
• 2000 – Alim Şerif Onaran, Turkish cinema theorist, writer, academic and lawyer (b. 1924)
• 2005 – Manfred Korfmann, German archaeologist (b. 1942)
• 2008 – Dursun Karataş, Turkish revolutionary (b. 1952)
• 2009 – Aykut Oray, Turkish theater, cinema and TV series actor (b. 1942)
• 2011 – Jani Lane, American musician and singer (b. 1964)
• 2014 – Vladimir Beara, Yugoslav former international football player and manager (b. 1928)
• 2014 – Julia Polak, Argentine-born British pathologist (b. 1939)
• 2014 – Robin Williams, American comedian, actor, producer, and winner of the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor (b. 1951)
• 2015 – Suat Geyik, Turkish film actor (b. 1949)
• 2015 – Tarık Dursun K., Turkish writer and publisher (b. 1931)
• 2017 – Abdul Huseyin Abdul Rıza, Kuwaiti actor, comedian and writer (b. 1939)
• 2017 – Eren Bülbül, Turkish child (who died in the conflict between Turkish Police Forces and PKK members) (b. 2002)
• 2017 – Yisrael Kristal, supercentenarian Israeli businessman who became the oldest survivor of the Holocaust in 2014 (b. 1903)
• 2017 – Terele Pávez, Spanish actress (b. 1939)
• 2018 – VS Naipaul, Trinidad and Tobago-born British writer (b. 1932)
• 2018 – Fabio Mamerto Rivas Santos, Dominican Roman-Catholic bishop (b. 1932)
• 2019 – Michael E. Krauss, American linguist (b. 1934)
• 2019 – Walter Martínez, Honduran international football player (b. 1982)
• 2020 – Sixto Brillantes, Filipino lawyer (b. 1939)
• 2020 – Belle du Berry, French singer, songwriter and actress (b. 1966)
• 2020 – Rahat Indori, Indian Bollywood lyricist and Urdu poet (b. 1950)
• 2020 – Trini López, American singer, guitarist, and actor (b. 1937)