Today in History: Nazis Start Deporting Jews to Auschwitz Camp in Poland

March 26 is the 85th day of the year (86st in leap years) according to the Gregorian calendar. The number of days left until the end of the year is 280.

Railways

• 26 March 1918 He became the last Postal Train to Madinah on Hejaz Railway. Depending on the destruction, the train departing from Madinah could not go further than Tabuk.
• 26 March 1936 Afyon-Karakuyu (113 km) line was opened with the speech of Prime Minister İsmet İnönü. The line was built by the contractor Nuri Demirağ.

Events

• 1583 – William Harborne, the first Ambassador of England in the Ottoman lands, arrived in Istanbul.
• 1636 – Utrecht University is founded in the Netherlands.
• 1812 – The Venezuelan city of Caracas is destroyed by a severe earthquake.
• 1821 – Seyyid Ali Pasha was removed from the Grand Viziership and Benderli Ali Pasha was appointed instead.
• 1913 – Edirne was captured by Bulgarian and Serbian forces.
• 1915 – World War I: The First Battle of Gaza takes place.
• 1917 – World War I: The Ottoman 15th Corps was formed to serve on the Anatolian side of the Dardanelles.
• 1931 – With the adoption of the Measures Law in Turkey; It was envisaged to use new measures such as grams, meters and liters instead of old measures such as okka and endaze.
• 1934 – First-time motor vehicle users in the UK are required to pass the driving test.
• 1942 - Nazis begin deporting Jews to Auschwitz Camp in Poland.
• 1971 – President Cevdet Sunay approved the cabinet of Nihat Erim, who was appointed to replace Süleyman Demirel, who resigned with the 12 March Memorandum.
• 1971 – Two continents united in Istanbul. With the replacement of the 57th unit of the Bosphorus Bridge, the Asian and European sides of the city were connected.
• 1971 – East Pakistan declared its independence from Pakistan, with the formation of Bengaldesh.
• 1979 – Anwar Sadat, Menachem Begin, and Jimmy Carter sign the Israel-Egypt Peace Treaty in Washington.
• 1995 – The Schengen Agreement entered into force.
• 1996 – The International Monetary Fund approves a loan of 10.2 billion USD to Russia.
• 1999 – The Melissa virus infected email systems around the world.
• 1999 - A Court Jury in Michigan, Dr. Convicted Jack Kevorkian of injecting a terminally ill patient to death (euthanasia).
• 2000 – As a result of the elections held in Russia, Vladimir Putin became President.
• 2002 – In the General Assembly of the Turkish Grand National Assembly, the draft law with nine articles, which was prepared within the framework of harmonization with the EU and amending eight laws, was accepted.
• 2002 – Turkish Major Cengiz Toytunç was killed and Captain Hüseyin Özarslan was injured in the attack on the vehicle belonging to the International Temporary Presence in Israel.
• 2005 – Today's series of Doctor Who is broadcast on BBC Channel.
• 2006 – Smoking in public places is banned in Scotland.

Births

• 391 – Peter of Sivas, bishop of Sebaste (Sivas) (b. 340)
• 1516 – Conrad Gesner, Swiss naturalist (d. 1565)
• 1805 – Şirali Müslümov, Azerbaijani farmer, claimed to be the oldest person in the world (d. 1973)
• 1832 – Michel Bréal, French philologist (d. 1915)
• 1834 – Hermann Wilhelm Vogel, German photochemist and photographer (d. 1898)
• 1840 – George Smith, English Assyriologist and archaeologist (d. 1876)
• 1849 – Armand Peugeot, French industrialist (d. 1915)
• 1850 – Edward Bellamy, American socialist writer (d. 1898)
• 1853 – Hugo Rheinhold, German sculptor (d. 1900)
• 1854 – Harry Furniss, English artist and illustrator (d. 1925)
• 1859 – Adolf Hurwitz, German mathematician (d. 1919)
• 1868 – Fuad I (Ahmed Fuad Pasha), king of Egypt (d. 1936)
• 1871 – Rauf Yekta, Turkish musician, musicologist and composer (d. 1935)
• 1874 – Robert Frost, American poet (d. 1963)
• 1875 – Alexei Ukhtomsky, Russian revolutionary and Socialist Revolutionary Party leader (d. 1905)
• 1876 ​​– Wilhelm, Prince of Albania (d. 1945)
• 1875 – Syngman Rhee, first President of South Korea (d. 1965)
• 1876 ​​Kate Richards O'Hare Cunningham, American socialist (d. 1948)
• 1880 – Alfred A. Cohn, American author, journalist, and newspaper editor, police commissioner (d. 1951)
• 1892 – Filippo Del Giudice, Italian filmmaker (d. 1963)
• 1893 – Palmiro Togliatti, Italian politician (d. 1964)
• 1893 – James Bryant Conant, American chemist (d. 1978)
• 1895 – Jimmy McMullan, Scottish former football player and manager (d. 1964)
• 1898 – Rudolf Dassler, founder of Puma (d. 1974)
• 1904 – Joseph Campbell, American author and mythologist (d. 1987)
• 1911 – Tennessee Williams, American playwright (d. 1983)
• 1913 – Paul Erdös, Hungarian mathematician (d. 1996)
• 1913 – Zehra Bilir, Turkish singer (d. 2007)
• 1919 – Tevhit Bilge, Turkish theater and cinema artist (d. 1987)
• 1924 – Bülent Oran, Turkish film actor and screenwriter (d. 2004)
• 1931 – Leonard Nimoy, American actor, director, musician, and photographer (d. 2015)
• 1932 – Stefan Wigger, German actor (d. 2013)
• 1933 – Tinto Brass, Italian director
• 1934 – Alan Arkin, American actor, director, and musician
• 1935 – Erdal Öz, Turkish writer (d. 2006)
• 1935 – Mahmoud Abbas, Palestinian politician
• 1939 – Étienne Draber, French actress (d. 2021)
• 1940 – James Caan, American actor
• 1940 – Nancy Pelosi, American politician
• 1941 – Richard Dawkins, English biologist
• 1942 – Ayşegül Devrim, Turkish theater, cinema and TV series actress (d. 2009)
• 1943 – Mustafa Kalemli, Turkish politician
• 1944 – Diana Ross, American singer, record producer, and actress
• 1949 – Bärbel Dieckmann, German politician
• 1949 – Patrick Süskind, German writer
• 1954 – Savaş Ay, Turkish journalist and reporter (d. 2013)
• 1962 – Falko Götz, German football man
• 1963 – Serpil Gümülcineli Öztürk, Turkish painter
• 1969 – Mahsun Kırmızıgül, Turkish singer
• 1969 – Murat Garipağaoğlu, Turkish theater, cinema and TV series actor
• 1973 – Larry Page, American businessman
• 1976 – Nurgül Yeşilçay, Turkish film actress
• 1978 – Sandra Romain, Romanian porn star
• 1982 – Andreas Hinkel, German football player
• 1982 – Jay Sean, English musician
• 1985 – Keira Knightley, British actress
• 1986 – Rüzgar Erkoçlar, Turkish actress
• 1988 – Barış Hersek, Turkish basketball player
• 1990 – Ahzee, American musician
• 1990 – Xiumin, South Korean singer
• 1994 – Ali Osman Antepli, Turkish football player

Deaths

• 922 – Hallaj-i Mansur, Iranian sufi and writer (b. 858)
• 1814 – Joseph-Ignace Guillotin, French physician (b. 1738)
• 1827 – Ludwig van Beethoven, German composer (b. 1770)
• 1864 – Jan Bake, Dutch linguist (b. 1787)
• 1882 – Thomas Hill Green, English philosopher (b. 1836)
• 1892 – Walt Whitman, American poet (b. 1819)
• 1902 – Cecil Rhodes, English politician and businessman (b. 1853)
• 1922 – Alfred Blaschko, German dermatologist (b. 1858)
• 1923 – Sarah Bernhardt, French theater actress (b. 1884)
• 1926 – Konstantin Fehrenbach, German statesman (b. 1852)
• 1945 – David Lloyd George, British politician (b. 1863)
• 1949 – Albert William Stevens, American soldier, balloonist, and first aerial photographer (b. 1889)
• 1957 – Édouard Herriot, French politician (b. 1872)
• 1957 – Max Ophüls, German-French film director and writer (b. 1902)
• 1959 – Raymond Chandler, American author (b. 1888)
• 1959 – Suavi Tedü, Turkish actor, director and screenwriter (b. 1915)
• 1969 – John Kennedy Toole, American author (b. 1937)
• 1973 – Noël Coward, English actor, writer and composer (b. 1899)
• 1984 – Ahmed Sékou Touré, first President of the Republic of Guinea (b. 1922)
• 1987 – Mahmut Cuda, Turkish painter (b. 1904)
• 1993 – Tevfik Behramov, Azerbaijani football player and lineman (b. 1925)
• 1995 – Belgin Doruk, Turkish cinema artist (b. 1936)
• 1995 – Eazy-E, American Hip-Hop rapper (b. 1964)
• 1997 – Turhan Dilligil, Turkish politician, journalist and writer (b. 1919)
• 2005 – James Callaghan, British politician (b. 1912)
• 2005 – Murat Çobanoğlu, Turkish folk poet (b. 1940)
• 2009 – Arne Bendiksen, Norwegian composer and singer (b. 1926)
• 2011 – Zühtü Bayar, Turkish poet and writer (b. 1943)
• 2013 – Don Payne was an American writer and producer (b. 1964)
• 2015 – Tomas Transtromer, a Swedish poet, psychologist and translator (b. 1931)
• 2016 – Raúl Cárdenas, Mexican football player and manager (b. 1928)
• 2016 – Norm Hadley, Canadian rugby player (b. 1964)
• 2016 – Igor Pashevich, Russian ice skater and trainer (b. 1971)
• 2017 – Darlene Cates, American actress (b. 1947)
• 2017 – Mai Dansig, is a Belarusian painter and artist (b. 1930)
• 2017 – Věra Špinarová, Czech singer (b. 1951)
• 2017 – Roger Wilkins, US professor of history and journalist (b. 1932)
• 2017 – Mamadou Diop, Senegalese politician (b. 1936)
• 2019 – Ted Burgin, English former professional football player and manager (b. 1927)
• 2019 – Master Fatman, Danish Film director, musician, comedian, singer, actor and DJ (b. 1965)
• 2019 – Ali Mema, former Albanian professional football player and manager (b. 1943)
• 2020 – María Teresa, Princess of Bourbon-Parma, was a member of the smallest branch of the Spanish royal family (b. 1933)
• 2020 – Menggie Cobarrubia, Filipino actor (b. 1953)
• 2020 – Ito Curata, Filipino fashion designer (b. 1959)
• 2020 – Michel Hidalgo, French former football player (b. 1933)
• 2020 – Olle Holmquist, Swedish trombonist (b.1936)
• 2020 – Naomi Munakata, Japanese-Brazilian conductor and artistic director (b. 1955)
• 2020 – Luigi Roni, Italian opera singer (b. 1942)
• 2020 – Michael Sorkin, American architect, author, and educator (b. 1948)
• 2020 – Hamish Wilson, Scottish actor (b. 1942)
• 2020 – Jon Wynne-Tyson, English writer and publisher (b. 1924)
• 2020 – Daniel Yuste, Spanish cyclist (b. 1944)
• 2021 – Cornelia Catangă, Romanian singer (b. 1958)
• 2021 – Azade Namdari, Iranian TV presenter and actress (b. 1984)

Holidays and special occasions

• Rookie Storm